Hence, you can pick the one that suits your welding requirements. Part 3. The most common method of back gouging is. The most obvious use of gouging is to remove large amounts of metal or welds that need to be repaired. The alternative approach replaced the back gouging operation with a unique root pass procedure that ensured a CJP groove weld. With 3/16 if you want to gap you can gap it between 1/16 and 3/32 it will help considerably but if you want to achieve a true 100% weld you will have to back grind or on heavier stuff back gouge and grind then. In addition, the weld toe of the tack weld or fillet weld on the beam flange would act as a stress concentration and a potential fracture initiation site. Sketch a V-Grooved butt joint, and label all of the joint dimensions. Now you are grinding to remove any unfused root, possibly some excessive melt through, what ever the reason, that can be considered a back gouge operation to attain sound metal. American Welding Society 550 NW LeJeune Road Miami, Florida 33126 AWS D1. Use back gouging if joints are accessible from both sides; Incomplete Fusion. Melt-Through, Back or Backing Weld Symbols BACK WELD Back or Backing Symbol* Melt-Through Symbol Surfacing Symbol 97 *A backing weld is deposited from the root side of the joint before the groove is filled. lies one of the major differences between the Structural Welding Code—Steel and this code. 235° to 360°. measurement used to show the size of an object. After doing LPT we have to gouge more due to weld. When welding from both sides, air gouging should be performed as a general principle before welding the first layer on the back. 7. Back gouging is a material removal process that is used to remove weld material that is located on the back side of a weld joint. It helps to ensure that 100% of the base metal’s thickness is fused by the weld (full penetration). Stringer beads: This type of welding is often used for welding thin metals together. e. 27 Throat and leg length dimensions given on the weld symbol for a fillet weld. Back gouge will be the next step. 3-42 – Symbols for Weld Dimensions. 2 Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) a) The FCAW Gas Shielded process shall not be used for theHeight, contour, and method of contour are all types of information that can be added to the back or backing weld symbol. A Type 1 CJP weld is one that uses a backing strip or backing plate to guarantee complete fusion between both plates with the root backing. True or False. The back weld is the "last" weld deposited to "fill" the groove that results when the second side is back gouged to remove any unfused material or weld in the root that might be compromised. A 6. 2 extent, location, and orientation of surfaces built up by welding. Al told you. A welding symbol has three parts: Reference line: this is the main part of the symbol and it's function is to carry or provide all the information on the weld to be made. The welder moves the torch back and forth across the width of the metal being welded. This is a list of the various items that will be needed to build the weldment. 7. 707 x leg leg = 1. 0 Back gouge / or grind/ from other side Method of achieving Full Penetration. Only a Complete Joint penetration weld is a CJP. The back and backing weld symbols are identical. forward gouge __A__15. Add the reinforcing fillets when convenient. 6. What is it that is special about the root pass? Simple: it’s the most challenging part of the weld to make, and it’s the easiest part to do badly without anyone being able to tell after the weld is completed. 1 which is common in North America. Is it too late to correct the joint by back-gouging the root out from the backside and re. Back to Table of Contents. 1, after back gouging it a not possible to erreicht the exact same joint configuration. Back gouging can ensure 100% joint fusion at the root and remove discontinuities of the root pass. Standard Welding Symbol Layout 60 Standard Welding Symbols 61 Using Finger Gauge 67 Using Bridgecam Gauge 70 Definitions 73. ck '>---. 18. Back-gouge second side to sound weld metal and visually inspect back-gouge. Back gouging. V Groove. (SI unit symbol: kg) is the base unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI). ultrasonic inspection of the base metal. So in the sketches I attached the backing welds are nearest the reference line. 3) is a method of representing the weld symbol on drawings, and includes supplementary information and. The symbol used is. The metal that is being welded on. c. 1 general. Weld Joint Preparation: Back gouging is commonly used to prepare weld joints where a full penetration weld is required. 7. Types of Joints. Groove angle of the welds is shown outside the weld symbol (fig. What you describe is not prequalified. J. Dimension. See Det. D. 1. 1, Structural Welding Code—Steel, is prepared by the AWS Structural Welding Committee. Back Gouging. Figure 1, located on page 50, illustrates the steel backing. High deposition rate processes D). 2 of Appendix D. d. The forces causing stresses in welded joints are: Tensile, compression, bending, torsion, and shear. column flange interface. ____ is the removal of base and weld metal from the other side of a joint that has been groove welded. The back weld symbol is placed on the side of the reference line opposite a groove weld symbol. 2) second operation; a weld deposited in the bevel groove on the arrow side using the GMAW process followed by a back gouging operation as noted in the tail of the welding symbol. "Now, I would reverse the process and weld a backing weld, two or three passes, on the inside first and follow up with backgouging by grinding or air arc on the outside and finish welding from there. The welder needs sufficient information to make the weld required without stopping to ask questions such as what groove type is required, what groove angle is required, what root face is required, is back gouging needed, etc. • Repair: Possibly simply increase the face reinforcement. Single vee groove with grinding flush weld contour in arrow. The 8-Week Online CWI Seminar is designed to prepare students for all three parts of the Certified Welding Inspector (CWI) exam from the comfort of their own homes. Weld passes may be used to bevel and penetrate the weld. Mechanical Engineering. Particularly in maintenance and repair, the ability to gouge or groove metal. the spacer material symbol modifies the shape of the groove weld symbol by the addition of a circle within the groove symbol. If welding procedures that produced a deeper weld penetration were used, then the depth of the joint bevels would not need to be as deep, making the root face longer. The structure of the online seminar is similar to the traditional in-person CWI seminar, but is conducted in the form of interactive, two-hour online sessions hosted by an AWS. Air gouging. Back gouging to remove root defects Good weld quality Good access at the root Back gouging and back welding to get good weld quality Less weld metal Higher edge preparation cost In a full strength joint, leg = 0. Tom, Sorry but I agree with the designers. b. Sketches, Production Drawings, Weld Symbols, or Written Description should show the general arrangement of the parts to be welded. pdf), Text File (. WHY IS BACK GOUGING NEEDED?. 9 DOUBLE-GROOVE WELDS WITH BACK-GOUGING sor 3/4 (1) Back gouging oe ‘Total Groove Weld ‘Size 1314" Specified Weld Back-gouging not shown 82 Ds roc SeancesLength of Weld Groove Angle. This is mainly because of the many and varied possible welding conditions that can be obtained with semiautomatic welding variables most often used with aluminum and. The result was the Fiback Weld Backing Tape that came in two variants – 200AMP and 600AMP. Backing Weld: Backing in the form of a weld. Log in. 1, Clause 4. Completed Joint. In the ISO system, which uses metric units, weld dimensions can be written adjacent to the symbols. Position Inclination of axis Rotation of face. 4. What is the purpose of back gouging? The purpose of back gouging is to prevent incomplete fusion or lack of penetration (LOP) defects, which can lead to. Flat 0° to 15° 150° to 210°. Spacer Material Symbol • Groove weld may include a metal strip inserted at root of joint – Maintains root opening or bridges members of a joint with wide gap • Spacers may be removed by back gouging after initial weld – Second weld completed from opposite side • Spacer may be integral to weldDon, back gouging usually refers to carbon arc gouging. Overhead 0° to 80° 0° to 125°. Good access at the root Back gouging and back welding to get good weld quality Less weld metal. Back gouging C. Backing shall be continuous for the full length of the joint. The details nearest the reference line go first. Design-related specifications, such as type, thickness, and length of weld, weld quality, surface treatment, filler material and testing specifications, can be indicated directly at the weld by means of the symbols given in this standard. 2. ago. Vertical 15° to 80° 125° to 235°. Design-related specifications, such as type, thickness, and length of weld, weld quality, surface treatment, filler material and testing specifications, can be indicated directly at the weld by means of the symbols. 1, Clause 4. 31. back gouged. Square Groove Weld. Process of cutting a groove in the back side of a joint that has been welded. Gouge /' ~ 7' 60" Single V Groove, FIELD wi Groove Angle WELD SYMBOL 22-2: 22-3 Illustrations for a Single V-groove with Back Gouge . 5 2. Backing Welds and Back Welds Backing welds and back welds use the same weld symbol, which looks like an unshaded half circle. This is a process that is commonly used in Groove welding of Plates & pipe welding,. 5. W. Re: Backgouge on weld. I mean to ask if I have a plate structure (instead of beams & columns). Holmes Modjeski & Masters, Inc. Part 5. 23. fm Author: Default Created Date: 7/25/2001 8:48:45 AMTo produce a complete penetration weld, a single V-groove is welded from one side and then back-gouged and welded from the root side. Weld one side, i. 19. 4 (American Welding Society-1979) standards. Back filling D. The weld symbol provides. , Vol. 3. Inclined 6G—The pipe is fixed in a 45° inclined angle,. It is used to melt the metal at the edges of the joint and to help form a bead. How should the reference for back gouging be indicated on a welding symbol? The welding symbol shall include a reference to back gouging in the tail. Weld Design Symbols 01 - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. Figure 2. 3. E. Its symbol is a straight line showing what the finished surface will look like. Tail: This is used to provide additional but important data as wells as information needed to complete the weld. Chart: 11" x 17". So, backgouging refers to the process, while a backgouge is the resultant pit in the base metal from the process. The forces causing stresses in welded joints are ____. Standard Welding Symbol Layout 60 Standard Welding Symbols 61 Using Finger Gauge 67 Using Bridgecam Gauge 70 Definitions 73. Use back weld or backing. understand basic weld symbols for learners. The material may be partially fused or remain un-fused during welding and may be either metal or non-metal. Although you can apply it at different angles, it would be more prominent at 90 degrees. ck Gouge 031711022 R1 JOINT DETAIL ATTACHMENT r Unllnt ted Jlo'-----1 _L to 1/8 o to 1/8 SINGLE V GROOVE with Bo. Gouging is the term to define a type of corrosion which occurs on a metallic surface in which a hole, groove or indentation is created. 1. Tail Optional) Sequence of Information in the Tail • Process (as per ISO 4063) • Acceptance Level (as per ISO 5817 or ISO 10042)The most popular weld is the fillet weld, named after its cross-sectional shape. It's also common to assure good weld penetration in "almost" one. Decoding the CJP Weld Symbol. AWS D1. My question is how Back arc gouging shall be included in the WPS, thanks By 803056 Date 01-16-2013 17:57 Edited 01-16-2013 22:14. No tail note on back v. The welding symbol you describe could go either way as there is no technical difference in the symbols for back or backing welds. . 4-93, Standard Symbols for Welding Brazing and Nondestructive Examination, 4. Joint and Weld Designation Examples The lower cse letters, e. place “CJP” in the tail of the weld symbol to indicate complete penetration. This would seem to be different enough to require prequalification. Fit-up of a groove joint developed with a grinder. Even performing SAW using a single solid-wire in direct electrode positive (DCEP) mode, the simplest. ppt), PDF File (. Conclusion. A weld symbol without a flag indicates that the weld is to be made in the shop. The back weld is made after the groove weld, and the backing weld is made before the groove weld (see 6. What i saw it,is this welding symbol u have shown on the post?is a complete joint penetration weld. 4, where the V groove weld. (Retired) M. the spacer material symbol modifies the shape of the groove weld symbol by the addition of a circle within the groove symbol. Weld symbols are a systematic means of communicating weld-related information. 7. Part 1. Weld Related. SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLSSUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS. 3; S as specified on drawings. What is Back Gouging in Welding? Back gouging is a material removal process that is used to remove weld material that is located on the back side of a weld. Near the start of the video, there is an explanation of the weld symbol used, square butt with 1/8" root opening. 1 Code alternative which permitted WPS qualification without the use of back gouging. A back weld. Weld Quality and Soundness: Back gouging helps ensure the quality and soundness of the weld. Back gouging and welding as a second operation are thus indicated as shown in Figure 4. These welds would be in the vertical or horizontal position unless flipped on end. weld Tabs Weld tabs are normally permitted to be left in place for building construction, but for high-seismic applications, weld tab removal is typically required, including for the prequalified connections in AISC 358-05. Back gouge on the right is Adequate, left is not. 1 52 53 34 58 general. in Trades & Technology. s. USD $ | United States. 4 or ISO 2553. The Welding symbol is shown in Figure 4 Depicts: A). Can ensure 100% joint fusion at the root & can remove discontinuities of the root pass. a. Backgouging, or removal of the unfused. forward gouge. An introduction into reading Welding Symbols. By pipewelder_1999 Date 02-09-2004 14:32. Air carbon arc cutting is also used when slightly ragged edges are not objectionable. A weld process by heating in assembly to suitable temperatures and by using a filler metal, having liquidus above 450°C (842F) and below the slow DS of the base. to remove weld metal or base metal from the other side after welding. Principle 12: A good welded connection recognizes commercial realities. I was gonna suggest what Chet mentioned, the purpose of a weld symbol is to simply convey to the welder exactly what work needs to be done. Sorry to take so long getting back on this one. Performance of groove weld. Weld SYMbol definitions BACK WELD, OTHER SIDE per AWS A2. ____ is the removal of base and weld metal from the other side of a joint that has been groove welded. -is an assembled symbol that combines multipile weld symbols into one. What is back chipping in welding? Back chipping is an essential procedure for the welding, which removes the weld root from the back. So in the sketches I attached the backing welds are nearest the reference line. 2. leg = 1. How are the dimensions for a fillet weld given? Out on the left side of the symbol before the vertical side 27. The result was the Fiback Weld Backing Tape that came in two variants – 200AMP and 600AMP. to the left of. UNDERCUT GAUGE BRIDGECAM. a symbol used when the throat is larger than the sides of the weld. Minimum effective throat (E) as shown in LRFD Specification Table J2. 5 Symbols for surfacing. If there is an issue regarding the intent of the structural welding code, the Engineer, retained by the Owner, is the individual with the authority to add to, modify, or delete the requirements of the code. Weld size (length of leg) Length of increments. Back Gouging. The backing material supports and protects the root weld to promote full penetration of the weld metals. Altemately, if multiple reference lines are used, the back weld symbol shall be placed on a reference line subsequent to the reference line specifying the groove weld [see Figure 27(A)]. Carbon arc gouging, which includes back gouging and weld repair, is the fastest and most efficient way to remove unwanted materials. How CJP Works and its Welding Symbols. Back gouging. 2a–c) in three ways: (a) elastic deformation of weld joint beyond acceptable limits (like bending or torsion of shaft and other sophisticated engineering systems like precision measuring instruments and machine tools), (b) plastic deformation of engineering component across the weld. This allows for welding from the opposite side and ensures complete joint penetration, enhancing the strength and integrity of the weld. The backing bar weld symbol is a square box placed opposite to main weld symbol (here V-groove weld symbol). Position(s) of Groove Position(s) of Fillet PREHEAT (QW-406) Preheat Temperature, Minimum ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (QW-409) TECHNIQUE (QW-410) String or Weave Bead Orifice, Nozzle, or Gas Cup Size Initial and Interpass Cleaning (Brushing, Grinding, etc. The backing weld application is also shown in A2. gougeb. A. One basic premise of a fillet weld is that the weld be completely fused to the root. 58 Back or Backing Weld Dimensioning & Symbols - Backing Welds are made to the opposite side of a groove before the groove weld is applied - Back Welds are made after the groove has been welded usually after back gouge operation - The symbol will always appear on the opposite. By waccobird Date 09-23-2010 14:16. 4-79, Symbols for Weld - ing and Nondestructive Testing, Including Brazing and revised again in 1986 with the title,. ck Gouge Required before welding side two Ba. The weld may either be made from one side with steel backing or from both sides with back gouging. dimensions & other data. "joints with back gouging, consistent with the prequalified AWS D1. , the contractor can require a back gouge operation so the welder can demonstrate proficiency with the grinder or carbon arc gouging equipment (but only after passing the required AWS. 1, the contractor can require additional performance testing, i. As stated in AWS A2. We use Weld symbols everyWhere, from con-tract documents and fabrication level drawings to hand-drawn sketches for informal use in the office. Clean the completed weld of all debris, slag and spatter. Arc Gouging excels when you need to cut out a weld and save the original material to be used again. You can remember the difference because weld symbols look like the weld you are making, and the welding symbol combines everything in one package. . <---<"tack weld 4 places @ 90* apart". Thermal gouging was developed primarily for removal of metal from the reverse side of welded joints, removal of tack welds, temporary welds, and weld imperfections. ck '>---. Tips and Tricks are two general words in the welding industry similar to TIG. Has anyone used these tapered ceramic backers?The owner is calling foul and wants all the "backgouged" welds to pass UT since the customers contention is that the weld symbol with "backgouged" should be a full pen weld and not have any root detectable reflectors. In welding, the hot pass, root pass and capping pass are the three most important passes. Weld Flat, Horizontal, Vertical, Overhead Welding Current: DC Polarity: Positive. Back gouging is a process of cutting a groove in. Single vee groove with grinding flush weld contour in arrow side,unless if the drawing note said that!only one side weld with out backing,back gouging and reweld from second side. 414 x throat leg. 7. This not only can lead to excessive welding and un-warranted RFIs, but in some cases it can inhibit the proper be-The "spacer material" symbol modifies the shape of the groove weld symbol by the addition of a circle within the groove symbol. In this case the fillet weld has melt-thru, which in itself is not cause to reject the. Unit 14 Welding Symbols 179 A field weld symbol indicates the weld is not done where the unit is initially made, Figure 14-15. ‘b’ for - BC-U4b: Back Gouge Basic Weld Types & Symbols - Gouging: Basic Weld Types & Symbols - BASIC CJP WELD SYMBOLS: CJP WELDS COMMON WELD PROCESSES & POSITIONS Common Weld Processes & Positions Commonly Used Arc Welding Processes Are: Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) – Stick Electrode. A spot weld symbol can be placed as an arrow side, other side, or straddle the reference line where it means no side significance. NOTE3 Figure 14-15. The weld symbol (see Fig. false. There are 6 main groove welds: Square Groove. NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION DOUBLE V GROOVE WITH BACK GOUGE WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (WPS) AWS D1. Back-Gouging a weld joint to ensure 100% joint penetration. Double bevel groove. Field weld. T/F? False. 5″ and 4. Part 2. Weldment. Gg back gouging or back grinding of weld เซาะหรือเจียรดา้ นหลัง Mb welding with backing material เชอ่ื มโดยใช้วสั ดุรองหลงั Nb welding without backing ( no backing) เชื่อมโดยไม่ใชว้ ัสดรุ องหลงัWhere – the weld inspection zone: a) All work - Completed weld faces plus ½ inch on both sides of weld shall be visually inspected for the entire length of the weld. Up to 3/4" 100° Over 3/4" to 1 1/2" 100° Over 1 1/2" to 2 1/2" 150° Over 2 1/2" 225° WPS Description Double V Groove With Back Gouge Written By: Randy Dempsey, CWI/CWE, TT IV Signature:The back weld and backing symbols use the same symbols, and many welders confuse them. and relying on back gouging to visually verify weld root quality. It relies on capillary action. Created Date: 1/22/2019 4:01:57 PMBack gouging is a process of cutting a groove in the back side of a joint that has been welded. The "spacer material" symbol modifies the shape of the groove weld symbol by the addition of a circle within the groove symbol. one fusion line will be present during back gouging. A back weld is the last weld bead deposited and is usually performed after back gouging. Fillet welds are the most common types of welds. g. TO DETAIL "A" DETAIL "B' c: POSITION OF PILE DURING YIELDING H-PILE SPLICE DET AILS 'Weld Symbol definitions per A'WS A'2'4'20~ = BACK FIELD ~ 'WELD, 'WELD OTHER BQck SYMBOL SIDE BQck Gouge ~ Gouge Required BEVEL V 'WELD, before r ~ 'WELD, 7' ~ ARRo'W welding 45° ARRo'W 60° SIDE with side two SIDE with BEVEL. The CJP Groove Weld symbol or callout is a standard welding symbol used to indicate a Complete Joint Penetration (CJP) Groove Weld on technical drawings and blueprints. , fill the bevel flush. AUGUST 1, 2012. Conclusion. Weld repair the affected area. In the world of welding, a consumable insert refers to a pre-set piece of filler metal used in specific types of welding, such as Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding. Orbital welding is a welding process that uses a robotic welder to make a weld. 111 – What is the significance of a break in the arrow line of a welding symbol has?. The sequence of welding determines which designation applies. Holdren Arc Specialties C. Field Weld Effective Throat M - Machine. The root pass is used to fill in the space between the two pieces of metal being joined. Backgouging and welding the second side of a joint must fall into one of those two conditions. forward gouge. When cutting with plasma, a plasma arc is formed between a negatively charged electrode inside the torch and a positively charged workpiece. although both use the same welding symbol. back gouge. pdf), Text File (. It was revised in 1979 as A2. The heat from the transferred arc melts the metal rapidly, and a high-velocity gas jet blows the molten. Remove all slag, spatter and weld discontinuities between passes. . A 1/4 45 10 1/4 Weld Per WPS A16 Back Gouge Weld Per WPS A24 60 12. GB 50661-2011: Code for welding of steel structures (GB50661-2011)root Weld defects Double bevel groove Back gouging to remove root defects Good weld quality 53 Butt Joint J groove Good access at the root Back gouging and back welding to get good weld quality Less weld metal Higher edge preparation cost Better for thickness gt 40 mm 54 Tee Joint Full strength joint In a full strength joint, leg 0. It is used to melt the metal at the edges of the joint and to help form a bead. pdf), Text File (. 2: “Omitting the depth of bevel and groove weld size dimensions from the welding symbol requires com-plete joint penetration only for single-groove welds and double-groove welds having symmetricalTack welds are small and temporary welds used to hold parts together before a final weld occurs. The desired voltage is selected by setting the power source output voltage at a suitable point. bottom. This way, you don't have to back-gouge and weld the reinforcing fillet. A procedure may require a gouge process to remove steel backing, burn off weld tabs or back gouge. gouge c. hogan666 (Structural) 23 Feb 09 13:09. Gouge /' ~ 7'\ 60" Single V Groove, FIELD wi Groove Angle. Rather than incorrectly assuming that back gouging of two sided CJP groove welds was a “requirement,” this fabricator took advantage of the D1. For welding procedure qualification, some welding codes classify the use of backing as an essential variable (EN 15614-1) but others classify it as non-essential (ASME Section IX). Single groove joints may include the addition of backing material at the root of a joint for the purpose of supporting molten weld metal. 48 5. ck Gouge Required before welding side two Ba. It’s safe to say tack welding is pretty important. If the SAW process is used, plates up to 5/8” (inclusive) may be welded from both sides without back-gouging. 2 shows imperfection removal in preparation for weld repair. Backing bar weld symbol according to AWS A2. 7. For most welding processes, plates that are thicker than ---- may be grooved on both the inside and the outside of the joint. CJP (complete joint penetratio n): A joint root condition in a groove weld in which weld metal extends through the joint thickness. Fillet Both Sides. Offshore structures included both CJP Type 1 and Type 2. a. Mechanical Engineering questions and answers. What is Partial Joint Penetration Weld? Partial joint penetration (PJP) welding is a type of weld where the welding filler material partially penetrates the base metal, leaving a gap between the base metal and the root of the weld. Spacer – This symbol indicates the type and the dimension of the spacer that is inserted between the welded pieces. 7. Back Gouging is the term given to the process of removing weld and base metals from the backside of a weld to take it back to clean. When a back gouge operation is specified, it is presumed that the welder excavates all unsound metal to the depth. groove depth for each side of the joint and include the required groove. 4, “Applications of Back or Backing Weld Symbol”. Flattening out of a weld due. . 1 Select Proper Joint Design & Weld Symbol MCG 4190D Presented by: Kevin Bagheri, P. Complete joint penetration is required. Many additional elements can be added to the basic parts of the AWS welding symbol. Veja grátis o arquivo Welding Symbols on Drawings enviado para a disciplina de Desenho Técnico I Categoria: Aula - 8 - 91781655A2. 5. Inspection & Qualification / Simple Weld Symbol Question. reference line. , a, b, c, etc. A backing weld is applied to the root of a groove before welding the groove. Means This Figure 10-25 Spacer. 2 – Welded Aluminum Construction AWS D1. top bulge. flat-position welding. The symbols given in this document can be used on technical drawings for welded components. This process can also remove the root pass metal if the properties of the metal are not desirable to the finished weld. A direct splice between the two members is the better detail if you have welders with the ability to weld grooved joints. back gouge b. The symbol used is ‘RT’. พอกผิว (Surfacing Weld Symbol). (120VAC), optional Control Modules (for programmable shape cutting or welding, straight-line cutting and/or welding, straightline gouging, programmable stitch welding, as well as weave capability), optional aluminum rails. Up to 3/4" 100° Over 3/4" to 1 1/2" 100° Over 1 1/2" to 2 1/2" 150° Over 2 1/2" 225° WPS Description Double V Groove With Back Gouge Written By: Randy Dempsey, CWI/CWE, TT IV Signature: Backing is a material applied at the root of a weld joint to support and shield molten weld metal. The insert is a filler metal that is fused into the root of the joint and becomes a part of the weld. Therefore they must. Splices, where required are to be complete joint penetration groove welds. The sequence of welding determines which designation applies.